Wydawcy Imperial College Press

Cover for Isham, Chris J (Imperial College, Uk) · Lectures On Quantum Theory: Mathematical And Structural Foundations (Hardcover Book) (1995)

Lectures On Quantum Theory: Math... (1995)

Isham, Chris J (Imperial College...

Cover for Isham, Chris J (Imperial College, Uk) · Lectures On Quantum Theory: Mathematical And Structural Foundations (Paperback Book) (1995)

Lectures On Quantum Theory: Math... (1995)

Isham, Chris J (Imperial College...

Cover for Fenner, Roger T (Imperial College London, Uk) · Finite Element Methods For Engineers (Hardcover Book) [New edition] (1996)

Finite Element Methods For Engin... (1996)

Fenner, Roger T (Imperial Colleg...

Cover for Stephenson, Geoffrey (Imperial College, Univ Of London, Uk) · Partial Differential Equations For Scientists And Engineers (Paperback Book) (1996)

Partial Differential Equations F... (1996)

Stephenson, Geoffrey (Imperial C...

Cover for Marc J. Assael · Thermophysical Properties Of Fluids: An Introduction To Their Prediction - Series On Chemical Engineering And Chemical Technology (Hardcover Book) (1996)

Thermophysical Properties Of Flu... (1996)

Cover for Marc J. Assael · Thermophysical Properties Of Fluids: An Introduction To Their Prediction - Series On Chemical Engineering And Chemical Technology (Paperback Book) (1996)

Thermophysical Properties Of Flu... (1996)

Cover for Baumjohann, Wolfgang (Austrian Academy Of Sci, Austria) · Basic Space Plasma Physics (Paperback Book) [New edition] (1996)

Basic Space Plasma Physics (1996)

Baumjohann, Wolfgang (Austrian A...

Cover for Baumjohann, Wolfgang (Austrian Academy Of Sci, Austria) · Basic Space Plasma Physics (Hardcover Book) (1996)

Basic Space Plasma Physics (1996)

Baumjohann, Wolfgang (Austrian A...

Cover for A. D. M Rayner · Degrees Of Freedom: Living In Dynamic Boundaries (Hardcover Book) (1997)

Degrees Of Freedom: Living In Dy... (1997)

Cover for Baumjohann, Wolfgang (Austrian Academy Of Sci, Austria) · Advanced Space Plasma Physics (Hardcover Book) (1997)

Advanced Space Plasma Physics (1997)

Baumjohann, Wolfgang (Austrian A...

Cover for Rayner, Alan D M (Univ Of Bath, Uk) · Degrees Of Freedom: Living In Dynamic Boundaries (Paperback Book) [New edition] (1997)

Degrees Of Freedom: Living In Dy... (1997)

Rayner, Alan D M (Univ Of Bath, Uk)

Cover for Yang, Ralph T (Univ Of Michigan, Usa) · Gas Separation By Adsorption Processes - Series On Chemical Engineering (Paperback Book) [New edition] (1997)

Gas Separation By Adsorption Pro... (1997)

Yang, Ralph T (Univ Of Michigan,...

Cover for Leaver, Keith (Imperial College London, Uk) · Microelectronic Devices (2nd Edition) (Paperback Book) [2 Revised edition] (1997)

2 Revised edition

Microelectronic Devices (2nd Edi... (1997)

Leaver, Keith (Imperial College ...

Cover for Leaver, Keith (Imperial College London, Uk) · Microelectronic Devices (2nd Edition) (Hardcover Book) [2 Revised edition] (1997)

2 Revised edition

Microelectronic Devices (2nd Edi... (1997)

Leaver, Keith (Imperial College ...

Cover for Kameshwar C. Wali · S Chandrasekhar: the Man Behind the Legend (Hardcover Book) (1997)

S Chandrasekhar: the Man Behind ... (1997)

Kameshwar C. Wali

Cover for Bain, Barbara Jane (Imperial College London, Uk) · Self-assessment for the Mrcp: Haematology (Hardcover Book) (1998)

Self-assessment for the Mrcp: Ha... (1998)

Bain, Barbara Jane (Imperial Col...

Cover for Bube, Richard H (Stanford Univ, Usa) · Photovoltaic Materials - Series On Properties Of Semiconductor Materials (Hardcover Book) (1998)

Photovoltaic Materials - Series ... (1998)

Bube, Richard H (Stanford Univ, ...

Cover for S. Doniach · Green's functions for solid state physicists (Book) (1998)

Green's functions for solid stat... (1998)

Cover for Doniach, S (Stanford Univ, Usa) · Green's Functions For Solid State Physicists (Paperback Book) [New edition] (1998)

Green's Functions For Solid Stat... (1998)

Doniach, S (Stanford Univ, Usa)

Cover for Dresselhaus, G (Massachusetts Inst Of Tech, Usa) · Physical Properties Of Carbon Nanotubes (Paperback Book) (1998)

Physical Properties Of Carbon Na... (1998)

Dresselhaus, G (Massachusetts In...

Cover for Klebaner, Fima C (Monash Univ, Australia) · Introduction To Stochastic Calculus With Applications (Hardcover Book) (1998)

Introduction To Stochastic Calcu... (1998)

Klebaner, Fima C (Monash Univ, A...

Cover for Hodgson, Peter E (Univ Of Oxford, Uk) · Nuclear Power, Energy And The Environment (Hardcover Book) (1999)

Nuclear Power, Energy And The En... (1999)

Hodgson, Peter E (Univ Of Oxford...

Cover for Hodgson, Peter E (Univ Of Oxford, Uk) · Nuclear Power, Energy And The Environment (Paperback Book) (1999)

Nuclear Power, Energy And The En... (1999)

Hodgson, Peter E (Univ Of Oxford...

Cover for Beckmann, Aike (Univ Of Helsinki, Finland) · Numerical Ocean Circulation Modeling - Series On Environmental Science And Management (Hardcover Book) (1999)

Numerical Ocean Circulation Mode... (1999)

Beckmann, Aike (Univ Of Helsinki...

Cover for Brodmann · Brodmann's 'Localisation In The Cerebral Cortex' (Hardcover Book) [New edition] (1999)

Brodmann's 'Localisation In The ... (1999)

Cover for Tomazevic, Miha (Slovenian Nat'l Bldg & Civil Engrg Inst, Slovenia) · Earthquake-resistant Design Of Masonry Buildings - Series On Innovation In Structures And Construction (Hardcover Book) (1999)

Earthquake-resistant Design Of M... (1999)

Tomazevic, Miha (Slovenian Nat'l...

Cover for Lee, Hae-geon (Postech, Korea) · Chemical Thermodynamics For Metals And Materials (With Cd-rom For Computer-aided Learning) (Hardcover Book) (1999)

Chemical Thermodynamics For Meta... (1999)

Lee, Hae-geon (Postech, Korea)

Cover for Goldberg Obe, Andrew J (The Wellington Hospital, London, Uk) · Surgical Talk: Surgery For Finals (Hardcover Book) (1999)

Surgical Talk: Surgery For Finals (1999)

Goldberg Obe, Andrew J (The Well...

Cover for Heyman, Jacques (Univ Of Cambridge, Uk) · The Science Of Structural Engineering (Paperback Book) (1999)

The Science Of Structural Engine... (1999)

Heyman, Jacques (Univ Of Cambrid...

Cover for Goldberg Obe, Andrew J (The Wellington Hospital, London, Uk) · Surgical Talk: Surgery For Finals (Paperback Book) (1999)

Surgical Talk: Surgery For Finals (1999)

Goldberg Obe, Andrew J (The Well...

Cover for Young, F Ronald (Watford College, Hertfordshire, Uk) · Cavitation (Hardcover Book) [New edition] (1999)

Cavitation (1999)

Young, F Ronald (Watford College...

Cover for Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ Of Technology & Economics, Hungary) · Candid Science: Conversations With Famous Chemists (Hardcover Book) (2000)

Candid Science: Conversations Wi... (2000)

Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ...

Cover for Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ Of Technology & Economics, Hungary) · Candid Science: Conversations With Famous Chemists (Paperback Book) (2000)

Candid Science: Conversations Wi... (2000)

Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ...

Cover for R. L. Wiley · Spacecraft Power Technologies - Space Technology (Hardcover Book) (2000)

Spacecraft Power Technologies - ... (2000)

Cover for Everitt, Brian S (Inst Of Psychiatry, London, Uk) · Statistical Aspects Of The Design And Analysis Of Clinical Trials (Hardcover Book) [First edition] (2000)

Statistical Aspects Of The Desig... (2000)

Everitt, Brian S (Inst Of Psychi...

Cover for Allen, Andrew R (Imperial College Of Medicine, London, Uk) · Acute Renal Failure In Practice (Hardcover Book) (2000)

Acute Renal Failure In Practice (2000)

Allen, Andrew R (Imperial Colleg...

Cover for Mathematical Physics 2000 (Hardcover Book) [2000 edition] (2000)

Mathematical Physics 2000 (2000)

Cover for S. Tawara · Conduction System of the Mammalian Heart, The: an Anatomico-histological Study of the Atrioventricular Bundle and the Purkinje Fibers - Cardiopulmonary Medicine from Imperial College Press (Hardcover Book) (2000)

Conduction System of the Mammali... (2000)

Cover for Kotz, Samuel (George Washington Univ, Usa) · Extreme Value Distributions (Hardcover Book) (2000)

Extreme Value Distributions (2000)

Kotz, Samuel (George Washington ...

Cover for Carmeli, Moshe (Ben-gurion Univ Of The Negev, Israel) · Group Theory And General Relativity: Representations Of The Lorentz Group And Their Applications To The Gravitational Field (Hardcover Book) (2000)

Group Theory And General Relativ... (2000)

Carmeli, Moshe (Ben-gurion Univ ...

Cover for Nir, Shlomo (Hebrew Univ Of Jerusalem, Israel) · Modern Physics: An Introductory Text (Paperback Book) (2000)

Modern Physics: An Introductory ... (2000)

Nir, Shlomo (Hebrew Univ Of Jeru...

Cover for Joseph Banks · Letters of Sir Joseph Banks, The, a Selection, 1768-1820 (Hardcover Book) (2000)

Letters of Sir Joseph Banks, The... (2000)

Cover for Burkin, A R (Imperial College, Uk) · Chemical Hydrometallurgy: Theory And Principles (Hardcover Book) (2001)

Chemical Hydrometallurgy: Theory... (2001)

Burkin, A R (Imperial College, Uk)

Cover for Ronald Crosby Davidson · Physics Of Nonneutral Plasmas (Hardcover Book) [2 Revised edition] (2001)

2 Revised edition

Physics Of Nonneutral Plasmas (2001)

Ronald Crosby Davidson

Cover for Ronald Crosby Davidson · Physics Of Nonneutral Plasmas (Paperback Book) [2 Revised edition] (2001)

2 Revised edition

Physics Of Nonneutral Plasmas (2001)

Ronald Crosby Davidson

Cover for Jacob, Niels (Swansea Univ, Uk) · Pseudo Differential Operators And Markov Processes, Volume I: Fourier Analysis And Semigroups (Hardcover Book) (2001)

Pseudo Differential Operators An... (2001)

Jacob, Niels (Swansea Univ, Uk)

Cover for Jacob, Niels (Swansea Univ, Uk) · Pseudo Differential Operators And Markov Processes, Volume Ii: Generators And Their Potential Theory (Hardcover Book) [2nd edition] (2002)

Pseudo Differential Operators An... (2002)

Jacob, Niels (Swansea Univ, Uk)

Cover for Allen, Andrew R (Imperial College Of Medicine, London, Uk) · Acute Renal Failure In Practice (Paperback Book) (2002)

Acute Renal Failure In Practice (2002)

Allen, Andrew R (Imperial Colleg...

Cover for Dennis Barden · An Introduction to Differential Manifolds (Hardcover Book) (2003)

An Introduction to Differential ... (2003)

Cover for Barden, Dennis (Univ Of Cambridge, Uk) · Introduction To Differential Manifolds, An (Paperback Book) (2003)

Introduction To Differential Man... (2003)

Barden, Dennis (Univ Of Cambridg...

Cover for Brimblecombe, Peter (City Univ Of Hong Kong, Hong Kong) · Effects Of Air Pollution On The Built Environment, The - Air Pollution Reviews (Hardcover Book) (2003)

Effects Of Air Pollution On The ... (2003)

Brimblecombe, Peter (City Univ O...

Cover for Pearce, John M S (Emeritus Consultant Neurologist, Hull Royal Infirmary, Uk) · Fragments Of Neurological History (Hardcover Book) (2003)

Fragments Of Neurological History (2003)

Pearce, John M S (Emeritus Consu...

Cover for Nelson, Jenny A (Imperial College London, Uk) · The Physics Of Solar Cells (Hardcover Book) (2003)

The Physics Of Solar Cells (2003)

Nelson, Jenny A (Imperial Colleg...

Cover for Nelson, Jenny A (Imperial College London, Uk) · The Physics Of Solar Cells (Paperback Book) (2003)

The Physics Of Solar Cells (2003)

Nelson, Jenny A (Imperial Colleg...

Cover for Fewster, Paul F (Panalytical Research, Uk) · X-ray Scattering From Semiconductors (2nd Edition) (Hardcover Book) [2 Revised edition] (2003)

2 Revised edition

X-ray Scattering From Semiconduc... (2003)

Fewster, Paul F (Panalytical Res...

Cover for Steven W Anderson · Strategic Technology Management: Building Bridges Between Sciences, Engineering And Business Management (Hardcover Book) (2004)

Strategic Technology Management:... (2004)

Steven W Anderson

Cover for Steven W Anderson · Strategic Technology Management: Building Bridges Between Sciences, Engineering And Business Management (Paperback Book) (2004)

Strategic Technology Management:... (2004)

Steven W Anderson

Cover for Mujtaba, Iqbal M (Univ Of Bradford, Uk) · Batch Distillation: Design And Operation - Series On Chemical Engineering (Hardcover Book) (2004)

Batch Distillation: Design And O... (2004)

Mujtaba, Iqbal M (Univ Of Bradfo...

Cover for Cao, Guozhong (Univ Of Washington, Usa) · Nanostructures And Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties And Applications (Hardcover Book) (2004)

Nanostructures And Nanomaterials... (2004)

Cao, Guozhong (Univ Of Washingto...

Cover for Cao, Guozhong (Univ Of Washington, Usa) · Nanostructures And Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties And Applications (Paperback Book) (2004)

Nanostructures And Nanomaterials... (2004)

Cao, Guozhong (Univ Of Washingto...

Cover for Shepherd, William (Univ Of Bradford, Uk) · Energy Studies (Hardcover Book) [Second edition] (2004)

Energy Studies (2004)

Shepherd, William (Univ Of Bradf...

Cover for Smith, E Brian (Formerly Master Of St Catherine's College, Oxford, Uk, & Vice-chancellor Of Cardiff Univ, Uk) · Basic Chemical Thermodynamics (Paperback Book) [Fifth, 5 Revised edition] (2004)

Fifth, 5 Revised edition

Basic Chemical Thermodynamics (2004)

Smith, E Brian (Formerly Master ...

Cover for Lithium-ion Batteries: Solid-electrolyte Interphase (Hardcover Book) (2004)

Lithium-ion Batteries: Solid-ele... (2004)

Cover for Manz, Andreas (Korea Inst Of Science And Technology Europe & Saarland Univ, Germany) · Bioanalytical Chemistry (Hardcover Book) (2004)

Bioanalytical Chemistry (2004)

Manz, Andreas (Korea Inst Of Sci...

Cover for Andreas Manz · Bioanalytical Chemistry (Paperback Book) (2004)

Bioanalytical Chemistry (2004)

Cover for Kibble, Tom (Imperial College, Uk) · Classical Mechanics (5th Edition) (Hardcover Book) [5 Revised edition] (2004)

5 Revised edition

Classical Mechanics (5th Edition) (2004)

Kibble, Tom (Imperial College, Uk)

Cover for Kibble, Tom (Imperial College, Uk) · Classical Mechanics (5th Edition) (Paperback Book) [5 Revised edition] (2004)

5 Revised edition

Classical Mechanics (5th Edition) (2004)

Kibble, Tom (Imperial College, Uk)

Cover for Hynek Biederman · Plasma Polymer Films (Hardcover Book) (2004)

Plasma Polymer Films (2004)

Hynek Biederman

Cover for Kojevnikov, Alexei B (Univ Of British Columbia, Canada) · Stalin's Great Science: The Times And Adventures Of Soviet Physicists - History Of Modern Physical Sciences (Hardcover Book) (2004)

Stalin's Great Science: The Time... (2004)

Kojevnikov, Alexei B (Univ Of Br...

Cover for Kojevnikov, Alexei B (Univ Of British Columbia, Canada) · Stalin's Great Science: The Times And Adventures Of Soviet Physicists - History Of Modern Physical Sciences (Paperback Book) (2004)

Stalin's Great Science: The Time... (2004)

Kojevnikov, Alexei B (Univ Of Br...

Cover for Manneville, Paul (Ecole Polytechnique, France) · Instabilities, Chaos And Turbulence: An Introduction To Nonlinear Dynamics And Complex Systems (Paperback Book) (2004)

Instabilities, Chaos And Turbule... (2004)

Manneville, Paul (Ecole Polytech...

Cover for Dacorogna, Bernard (Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl), Switzerland) · Introduction To The Calculus Of Variations (Paperback Book) (2004)

Introduction To The Calculus Of ... (2004)

Dacorogna, Bernard (Ecole Polyte...

Cover for Zolla, Frederic (Aix-marseille Univ, France) · Foundations Of Photonic Crystal Fibres (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Foundations Of Photonic Crystal ... (2005)

Zolla, Frederic (Aix-marseille U...

Cover for Fabbri, Alessandro (Universita Di Bologna, Italy) · Modeling Black Hole Evaporation (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Modeling Black Hole Evaporation (2005)

Fabbri, Alessandro (Universita D...

Cover for Goldberg Obe, Andrew J (The Wellington Hospital, London, Uk) · Surgical Talk: Revision In Surgery (2nd Edition) (Paperback Book) [2 Revised edition] (2005)

2 Revised edition

Surgical Talk: Revision In Surge... (2005)

Goldberg Obe, Andrew J (The Well...

Cover for Vedral, Vlatko (Univ Of Oxford, Uk & Nus, S'pore) · Modern Foundations Of Quantum Optics (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Modern Foundations Of Quantum Op... (2005)

Vedral, Vlatko (Univ Of Oxford, ...

Cover for Vedral, Vlatko (Univ Of Oxford, Uk & Nus, S'pore) · Modern Foundations Of Quantum Optics (Paperback Book) (2005)

Modern Foundations Of Quantum Op... (2005)

Vedral, Vlatko (Univ Of Oxford, ...

Cover for Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ Of Technology & Economics, Hungary) · Candid Science V: Conversations With Famous Scientists (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Candid Science V: Conversations ... (2005)

Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ...

Cover for Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ Of Technology & Economics, Hungary) · Candid Science V: Conversations With Famous Scientists (Paperback Book) (2005)

Candid Science V: Conversations ... (2005)

Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ...

Cover for Bonnett, Clifford Frederick (Retired, Imperial College London, Uk) · Practical Railway Engineering (2nd Edition) (Hardcover Book) [2 Revised edition] (2005)

2 Revised edition

Practical Railway Engineering (2... (2005)

Bonnett, Clifford Frederick (Ret...

Cover for Jacob, Niels (Swansea Univ, Uk) · Pseudo Differential Operators And Markov Processes, Volume Iii: Markov Processes And Applications (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Pseudo Differential Operators An... (2005)

Jacob, Niels (Swansea Univ, Uk)

Cover for Klebaner, Fima C (Monash Univ, Australia) · Introduction To Stochastic Calculus With Applications (Paperback Book) [Second edition] (2005)

Introduction To Stochastic Calcu... (2005)

Klebaner, Fima C (Monash Univ, A...

Cover for Eugene J. Eisen · The Mouse In Animal Genetics And Breeding Research (Hardcover Book) (2005)

The Mouse In Animal Genetics And... (2005)

Eugene J. Eisen

Cover for Yen, Teh Fu (Univ Of Southern California, Usa) · Environmental Chemistry: Chemistry Of Major Environmental Cycles (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Environmental Chemistry: Chemist... (2005)

Yen, Teh Fu (Univ Of Southern Ca...

Cover for Tennyson, Jonathan (Univ College London, Uk) · Astronomical Spectroscopy: An Introduction To The Atomic And Molecular Physics Of Astronomical Spectra - Imperial College Press Advanced Physics Texts (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Astronomical Spectroscopy: An In... (2005)

Tennyson, Jonathan (Univ College...

Cover for Tennyson, Jonathan (Univ College London, Uk) · Astronomical Spectroscopy: An Introduction To The Atomic And Molecular Physics Of Astronomical Spectra - Imperial College Press Advanced Physics Texts (Paperback Book) (2005)

Astronomical Spectroscopy: An In... (2005)

Tennyson, Jonathan (Univ College...

Cover for Gibbon, Paul (Research Centre Juelich, Germany) · Short Pulse Laser Interactions With Matter: An Introduction (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Short Pulse Laser Interactions W... (2005)

Gibbon, Paul (Research Centre Ju...

Cover for Cowan, Brian (Royal Holloway, Univ Of London, Uk) · Topics In Statistical Mechanics - Imperial College Press Advanced Physics Texts (Paperback Book) (2005)

Topics In Statistical Mechanics ... (2005)

Cowan, Brian (Royal Holloway, Un...

Cover for Christensen, Kim (Imperial College London, Uk) · Complexity And Criticality - Imperial College Press Advanced Physics Texts (Hardcover Book) (2005)

Complexity And Criticality - Imp... (2005)

Christensen, Kim (Imperial Colle...

Cover for Christensen, Kim (Imperial College London, Uk) · Complexity And Criticality - Imperial College Press Advanced Physics Texts (Paperback Book) (2005)

Complexity And Criticality - Imp... (2005)

Christensen, Kim (Imperial Colle...

Cover for O'dwyer, Aidan (Dublin Inst Of Tech, Ireland) · Handbook Of Pi And Pid Controller Tuning Rules (2nd Edition) (Hardcover Book) [2 Revised edition] (2006)

2 Revised edition

Handbook Of Pi And Pid Controlle... (2006)

O'dwyer, Aidan (Dublin Inst Of T...

Cover for Isotopes In Heterogeneous Catalysis - Catalytic Science Series (Hardcover Book) (2006)

Isotopes In Heterogeneous Cataly... (2006)

Cover for Federico Rosei · Survival Skills for Scientists (Paperback Book) (2006)

Survival Skills for Scientists (2006)

Cover for Bond, Geoffrey C (Brunel Univ, Uk) · Catalysis By Gold - Catalytic Science Series (Paperback Book) (2006)

Catalysis By Gold - Catalytic Sc... (2006)

Bond, Geoffrey C (Brunel Univ, Uk)

Cover for Torchilin, Vladimir P (Northeastern Univ, Usa) · Nanoparticulates As Drug Carriers (Hardcover Book) (2006)

Nanoparticulates As Drug Carriers (2006)

Torchilin, Vladimir P (Northeast...

Cover for Involving Customers In New Service Development - Series on Technology Management (Paperback Book) (2006)

Involving Customers In New Servi... (2006)

Cover for Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ Of Technology & Economics, Hungary) · Candid Science Vi: More Conversations With Famous Scientists (Hardcover Book) (2006)

Candid Science Vi: More Conversa... (2006)

Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ...

Cover for Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ Of Technology & Economics, Hungary) · Candid Science Vi: More Conversations With Famous Scientists (Paperback Book) (2006)

Candid Science Vi: More Conversa... (2006)

Hargittai, Istvan (Budapest Univ...

Cover for Traditional, Complementary And Alternative Medicine: Policy And Public Health Perspectives (Paperback Book) (2007)

Traditional, Complementary And A... (2007)

Cover for Lamb, Bernard Charles (Imperial College London, Uk) · Applied Genetics Of Humans, Animals, Plants And Fungi, The (2nd Edition) (Paperback Book) [2 Revised edition] (2007)

2 Revised edition

Applied Genetics Of Humans, Anim... (2007)

Lamb, Bernard Charles (Imperial ...