Technology as form of life

Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Philosophy - Practical (Ethics, Aesthetics, Culture, Nature, Right, ...), grade: HD (High Distinction), Murdoch University (Institute for Sustainability and Technology Policy), course: Policy, Technology and Democracy, language: English, comment: Short Essay 1C (1500 words) tries to answer the following two questions: (i) What does Winner mean when he says 'technologies are forms of life'? (ii) Could technology make it possible to radically change what it means to be human? , abstract: What does Winner mean when he says ?technologies are forms of life?? In his book "The Whale and the Reactor", Langdon Winner introduces technologies as forms of life. With this notion, he tries to overcome "our normal understanding of the meaning of technology in human life" (p. 12), which he declares as a "widespread and ex-tremely narrow conception" (p. 12). Although it remains unclear about whom he refers to, the ?normal understanding? seems to be an understanding of technology as a "cause-and-effect model" (p. 11), to which he attests "empirical and moral shortcomings"(p. 11). Winner endeavours to explain the connection between technologies and the everyday life. What is needed is an interpretation of the ways, both obvious and subtle, in which everyday life is transformed by the mediating role of technical devices. (p. 9). Nowadays, technologies are so interwoven into the texture of everyday life that life is un-thinkable without them. At least for the western industrialized countries, it is valid that "Humans must adapt. That is their destiny" (p. 10). Winner describes this situation as fol-lows: We do indeed ?use? telephones, automobiles, electric lights, and computers in the conventional sense of picking them up and putting them down. But our world soon becomes one in which telephony, automobility, electric lightning, and computing are forms of life in the most powerful sense: life would scarcely be thinkable without them. (p.